Учебно-методическое пособие для студентов первого курса медицинского колледжа специальностей «Сестринское дело»

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2016 11 08-Posob Angl Iazik dleaMedikov
3 Лаб. С (1), rahimgalieva-pakizat-sarmanovna-phd-s-sp

Ovaries They are ovum-producing reproductive organs that are present in pairs in females. They are located in the lateral wall of the pelvis. Pancreas
Thyroid gland The largest endocrine gland of the human body is the thyroid gland, which is located in the neck. It helps to control the use of energy in the body. Uterus

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Gallbladder
It is one of the smallest internal organs of the
human body. It helps in the process of digestion.
It is located in the concave portion of liver that is
called the gallbladder fossa. The length of this por-
tion is about 8 cm in adults.
Heart
After the brain, the heart is the second most im-
portant internal organ in humans. It is a muscular
organ whose main function is to pump oxygenated
blood throughout the body through blood vessels.
This action is carried out by repeated and rhythmic
contractions. On an average, the human heart beats
about 72 times per minute, and weighs 250 to 300
gm in females, and 300 to 350 gm in males.
intestines
They are a segment of the alimentary canal, and
they extend from the stomach to the anus. They are
divided into: small intestine and the large intestine.
Kidneys
They serve as the most important part of the uri-
nary system. Their function is regulation of electro-
lytes, maintenance of acid-base balance, regulation
of blood pressure, production of urine, etc.
liver
It is one of the most vital internal organs of the human body. The liver is an absolute necessity for
survival. It carries out several functions including detoxification of blood, production of biochemicals
for digestion, and protein synthesis.
lungs
These organs are responsible for respiration. In humans, a pair of lungs is located in the chest on
either side of the heart. Their function is to transport atmospheric oxygen into bloodstream, and release
carbon dioxide from blood into the atmosphere.
Ovaries
They are ovum-producing reproductive organs that are present in pairs in females. They are located
in the lateral wall of the pelvis.
Pancreas
They belong to both the endocrine and digestive systems. These organs produce important hormones
like insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. They also produce pancreatic juice that contains digestive en-
zymes. If the pancreas do not function normally, it may lead to diabetes mellitus.
Spleen
The organ is very important with respect to the immune system. It is located in the left upper quad-
rant of the abdomen. Its function is to remove old red blood cells and also to recycle iron. The spleen in
an adult human body is about 11 cm in length.
Stomach
The muscular, hollow bag in the alimentary canal is called the stomach. It is the primary organ of
the digestive system that is involved in the second phase of food digestion. The location of this organ is
between the esophagus and small intestine.
Thyroid gland
The largest endocrine gland of the human body is the thyroid gland, which is located in the neck. It
helps to control the use of energy in the body.
Uterus
It is the most important part of the female reproductive system. This organ is internally connected
to the fallopian tubes on each side, and opens into the vagina at one end. In this organ the fetus develops
during gestational period.

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